What sparked the illegal immigration protests? Recent protests across the country have exposed growing frustrations around illegal immigration, service delivery, unemployment, crime, and the perceived failure of the state to respond effectively. Yet beneath the headlines lies a far more complex conversation about policy, accountability, human rights, and national identity. Phumi Mashigo speaks with political commentator and author Rebone Tau about what is fuelling public anger, whether the concerns being raised are justified, and how South Africa can navigate one of the most difficult policy challenges facing the country today.